What Kind of Monk Are You?
Sorry I don’t have the time to make this into one of those annoying online personality quizzes… The other day I was reading the “Rule of St. Benedict” which is a 6th century Christian monastic code. In it, Benedict outline four types of monks in descending order of their worth. It’s interesting to see this, I think, because it makes plain a number of normally hidden assumptions about the proper course of Christian spirituality.
- Cenobites - According to The Rule: “those living in a monastery, serving under a rule or an abbot“. Of the four types of monks, these are called “the best kind.”
- Anchorites - These are the hermits who “by the long probation of life in a monastery, have learned to fight against the devil“. Having been prepared by the “army of brothers” they are now able to go out on their own and have God directly help them fight “against the vices of the flesh or of their thoughts“
- Sarabaites - They are “approved by no rule, experience being their teacher […] Their law is the satisfaction of their desires. For whatever they think good or choice, this they call holy; and what they do not wish, this they consider unlawful.” They are known to congregate in small groups - twos or threes - and act without a shepherd.
- Gyratory - The worst kind of monks. “During their whole life they are guests, for three or four days at a time, in the cells of the different monasteries, throughout the various provinces; always wandering and never stationary, given over to the service of their own pleasures and the joys of the palate […]”
It’s especially wild, because what he refers to as “gyratory” monks would be wandering sages in other cultures, and would be some of the most highly regarded - depending on where you are. Really the organization of these types though has everything to do with hierarchical control. The cenobite monks are the good little sheep, the corporate team players who always obey their abbot/coach. The anchorites are the players who are allowed to retire once they’ve been fully indoctrinated. The sarabaites are those who operate wholly on their own and have no desire to be part of an abbey. So why is being a sarabaite worse than being a gyratory monk? Because at least the sarabaites keep to their own groups. The gyratory monks are a problem because they slip in and out of hierarchical structures with ease. In so doing, they spread their ways and infect cenobites who surround them with their ideas, possibly encouraging them to stray from the proper course.
So which kind of monk are you?
- I have a new hero: the running monk
- Leaving the Monkhood for Love
- Buddhist deities
- Notes about the latest Google searches which yielded visitors to my site
- Lunar Explosion, Wounded Snake
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May 27th, 2005 at 3:58 pm
interestingly clive barker used the term cenobite to refer to pinhead and his evil demon buddies in the hellraiser mythos. i don’t know if this was a conscious appropriation and reversal of meaning on his part or not, but still….interesting.
May 27th, 2005 at 4:01 pm
Aren’t the Cenobites those leather-clad monsters from Hellraiser?
May 27th, 2005 at 4:13 pm
i’m a gyrating monkey.
what? gyratory monk? ah. never mind, then.
May 27th, 2005 at 5:13 pm
I think you need to get a little more context. The people that Benedict referred to as ‘gyratory’ would today be called diletantes — not wandering sages. The anchorites — such as the Fathers of the Desert — might come closest to that.
Bear in mind, Benedict’s rule allows novices to come and go from a monastery twice before taking permanent vows; that’s extremely easygoing. And he’s not calling people who are unsure of their vocation as gyratory. He’s reserving that for people such as those who hang out with the Trappists this week and the Augistinians the next, and the Dominicans the week after that… or was it the Sulpicians?
May 27th, 2005 at 5:23 pm
i know people usually use the word dilettante pejoratively, but i think its great. it comes from the latin: dilettare, to delight.
anyway, whats wrong with hanging out with different monastery groups each week? seems perfectly legit to me. isnt it better to go out and meet your neighbors than hang out in the house all the time?